Sascha Schulz
2024-04-10 b6c095922276d1af04d36f1f0d8d72254bc4374d
index.html
@@ -3608,7 +3608,7 @@
               <section>
                  <h3>Auf Attribute reagieren</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class=html data-trim data-line-numbers>
                     <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           <hello-world my-attribute="a"></hello-world>
                        </script>
@@ -3679,6 +3679,245 @@
               <section>
                  <iframe data-src="/assets/html/hello-sayer.html"></iframe>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Elemente aus dem LightDOM platzieren mit <code>&lt;slot></code></h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           this.root.innerHTML = `
                              <span>Hello <slot></slot>!</span>
                           `;
                        </script>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h4>Beispiel</h4>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           <hello-sayer>Joe</hello-sayer>
                           <hello-sayer>Allie</hello-sayer>
                        </script>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <iframe data-src="/assets/html/hello-sayer-2.html"></iframe>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Mehrfache benannte <code>&lt;slot></code>s</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class=js data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           this.root.innerHTML = `
                              <span>
                                 first name: <slot name="first"></slot> |
                                 last name: <slot name="last"></slot>
                              </span>
                           `;
                        </script>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h4>Beispiel</h4>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           <name-field>
                              <span slot="first">Leia</span>
                              <span slot="last">Organa</span>
                           </name-field>
                        </script>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <iframe data-src="/assets/html/name-field.html"></iframe>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  <p>Entwerfe eine <code>CardComponent</code> (Vorlage "card-component.html") in folgendem Stil und nutze dabei sinnvolle <code>&lt;slot></code>s:</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           <card-component>
                              <span slot="title">This is a title</span>
                              <span slot="content">...Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr...</span>
                           </card-component>
                        </script>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <iframe data-src="/assets/html/exercise-card-component.html"></iframe>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Styling einer Web Component</h3>
                  <p>Ein <code>:host</code>-Block mit einem <code>display</code> gehört zum guten Ton!</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           :host {
                              display: block; /* inline, inline-block, flex, grid etc... */
                              color: red;
                              font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
                           }
                        </script>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <p>Innerhalb einer Komponente können beliebige Styles für verschiedene Selektoren verwendet werden</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <script type="text/template">
                           :host {
                              display: block;
                           }
                           .info {
                              background-color: lightblue;
                           }
                           .warning {
                              background-color: yellow;
                           }
                        </script>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  <p>Welche Wechselwirkungen haben Styles zueinander, die innerhalb und außerhalb einer Komponente definiert sind? (Vorlage "web-component-styles.html")</p>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <p>Einige globale Styles werden dennoch vererbt:</p>
                  <ul>
                     <li>Sämtliche Styles, die standardmäßig einen Wert von <code>inherit</code> besitzen (z.B. <code>color</code> oder <code>font-family</code>)</li>
                     <li>Eigene CSS-Variablen wie z.B. <code>--my-custom-color</code></li>
                  </ul>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  <p>Passe das vorherige Ergebnis (Vorlage "web-component-styles.html") so an, dass ein beliebiger Style per CSS-Variable von außen gesetzt werden kann (z.B. <code>color</code> oder <code>background-color</code>)</p>
                  <p>Erinnerung CSS-Variablen:</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        /* Definition */
                        html {
                           --my-variable: #abcdef;
                        }
                        /* Usage */
                        .my-class {
                           background-color: var(--my-variable, white);
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <p>In der Anfangszeit von Web Components wurde oft folgendes Muster zur Individualisierung verwendet:</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        /* Global Scope */
                        html {
                           --my-border-color: #abcdef;
                           --my-border-width: 1px;
                           --my-margin-top: 1rem;
                           --my-margin-bottom: 1rem;
                        }
                        /* Inside Web Component */
                        .container {
                           border-color: var(--my-border-color, white);
                           border-width: var(--my-border-width, 1px);
                           margin-top: var(--my-margin-top, 0.5rem);
                           margin-bottom: var(--my-margin-bottom, 0.5rem);
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <p>Eleganteres Stylen von Web Components mittels <code>part</code></p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        /* Global Scope */
                        my-component::part(inner) {
                           border-color: yellow;
                           border-width: 2px;
                        }
                        /* Inside Web Component */
                        <div part="inner"></div>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  <p>Passe die <code>CardComponent</code> aus einer vorherigen Übung an (Vorlage "card-component.html"), sodass man Titel und Inhalt einfach von außen per <code>part</code>s stylen kann.</p>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <p><code>part</code>s von eingebetteten Web Components exportieren und verfügbar machen</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        <!-- Inner Component Html -->
                        <div part="inner">Inner Text</div>
                        <!-- Outer Component Html -->
                        <inner-component exportparts="inner"></inner-component>
                        <!-- Global Html -->
                        <outer-component></outer-component>
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  <p>Passe das Beispiel (Vorlage "exportparts.html") entsprechend an, sodass von außen sowohl der <code>Inner Text</code> als auch der <code>Outer Text</code> stylebar sind</p>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Stylen von LightDOM-Kindern</h3>
                  <p>Web Components können direkte Kinder, die via <code>slot</code> eingefügt werden, stylen. Hierfür gibt es den Pseudo-Elemente-Selektor <code>::slotted([selector])</code>, welcher Elemente selektiert, die in einem Slot stecken:</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        /* Inside Web Component */
                        ::slotted(*) { /* Selectors like elements, #id or .class */
                           font-style: italic;
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  <p>Definiere mit dem Pseudo-Elemente-Selektor <code>::slotted()</code> Styles, sodass per <code>slot</code> eingefügte Elemente mit der Klasse <code>red</code> einen roten und Elemente mit der Klasse <code>blue</code> einen blauen Hintergrund haben. Die Schriftart soll jeweils weiß sein (Vorlage "slotted.html")</p>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Events in Web Components</h3>
                  <img data-src="/assets/images/web-components-event-bubbling-shadow-dom.png">
                  <ul>
                     <li>Events können an einer Web Component selbst oder innerhalb des Shadow Dom <code>dispatcht</code> werden</li>
                     <li>Das Shadow Root der Komponente stellt eine Art "gläserne Decke" dar</li>
                     <li>Standard-Events der UI wie <code>click</code> bubbeln durch das Shadow Dom nach oben durch</li>
                     <li>Ein <code>CustomEvent</code> muss entsprechend konfiguriert werden</li>
                  </ul>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        button.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(
                           "tabactivated", // Name des Events, frei wählbar
                           {
                              detail: "any data", // beliebige Daten wie Strings, Zahlen, Booleans usw.
                              bubbles: true, // bestimmt, ob das Event durch alle Eltern nach oben steigt
                              cancelable: true, // Abbrechbar per event.preventDefault()
                              composed: true // durch eventuelle Shadow Root steigen, falls vorhanden.
                           }
                        ));
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  <p>Entwickle eine Tab-Komponente (Vorlage "tab-componenmt.html"), welche beim Click auf einen Registerreite / Tab ein Event feurt, welches die Außenwelt über das gerade aktivierte Tab (tab-id) informiert</p>
               </section>
            </section>
         </div>
      </div>