From 1e2b79bfaabce7bfac9e1e9cd94536b19535e86c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sascha Schulz <sschulz@dh-software.de>
Date: Di, 25 Apr 2023 16:12:32 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] add alternation, loops and inheritance
---
index.html | 1283 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
1 files changed, 1.255 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index bbf2946..6f46a19 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/theme/night-custom.css">
<!-- Theme used for syntax highlighted code -->
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="plugin/highlight/monokai.css">
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="./node_modules/highlight.js/styles/atom-one-dark-reasonable.css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="reveal">
@@ -27,19 +27,17 @@
<h3>Grundlagen</h3>
<ul>
<li>HTML/CSS/JS</li>
- <li>JSON</li>
<li>HTTP-Protokoll</li>
- <li>Debugger</li>
+ <li>JSON</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Fortgeschrittenes</h3>
<ul>
- <li>NodeJS</li>
+ <li>JavaScript</li>
<li>Responsive Design</li>
- <li>CSS-Animationen</li>
+ <li>NodeJS</li>
<li>WebComponents / lit</li>
- <li>Canvas-Element</li>
<li>Datenbank</li>
</ul>
</section>
@@ -58,6 +56,8 @@
<section>
<h3>Interessante Technologien</h3>
<ul>
+ <li>Canvas-Element</li>
+ <li>CSS-Animationen</li>
<li>WebSockets</li>
<li>WebWorker</li>
<li>ServiceWorker</li>
@@ -90,9 +90,11 @@
</section>
<section>
<ul>
+ <li>HyperText Markup Language</li>
<li>Erste Version 1993 von Tim Berners-Lee</li>
<li>Dokumentationsmedium</li>
<li>Ursprünglich rein akademische Verwendung</li>
+ <li>Verlinkungen der Dokumente macht sie "hyper"</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
@@ -114,7 +116,7 @@
<section>
<h3>Grundgerüst</h3>
<pre>
- <code data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
<script type="text/template">
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
@@ -129,30 +131,21 @@
</pre>
</section>
<section>
- <h3>Grundgerüst</h3>
- <pre>
- <code data-trim data-line-numbers>
- <script type="text/template">
- <div>Inhalt</div>
- </script>
- </code>
- </pre>
- </section>
- <section>
<h3>Beispiel</h3>
<pre>
- <code data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
<script type="text/template">
<!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="de">
+ <html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
+ <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
- <h1>Ãœberschrift</h1>
+ <h1>Lorem Ipsum</h1>
<div>
- <p>Dies ist ein Paragraph</p>
- <p>Dies ist noch ein Paragraph mit einem längeren Text</p>
+ <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing</p>
+ <a href="/assets/html/simple2.html">Weitere Infos</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -162,15 +155,1249 @@
</section>
<section>
<h3>Beispiel</h3>
+ <iframe data-src="/assets/html/simple.html"></iframe>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Aufbau eines Elements</h3>
<pre>
- <code>
- <h1>Ãœberschrift</h1>
- <div>
- <p>Dies ist ein Paragraph</p>
- <p>Dies ist noch ein Paragraph mit einem längeren Text</p>
- </div>
+ <code class="html" data-trim>
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <span id="my-id" class="super important">Inhalt</span>
+ </script>
</code>
</pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim>
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <!-- HTML 4.01 -->
+ <input id="input" class="super important" disabled="disabled" />
+ </script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim>
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <!-- HTML 5 -->
+ <input id="input2" class="super important" disabled>
+ </script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <section>
+ <h2>CSS</h2>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Cascading Style Sheet</li>
+ <li>Nach größerer Verbreitung von HTML</li>
+ <li>Webseiten ansprechend gestalten</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <img data-src="/assets/images/css-sucks.png">
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Beispiel</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ selector [, selector, selector, ...] {
+ property: value;
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Beispiel</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ html {
+ background-color: red;
+ font-size: 30px;
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Beispiel</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <html lang="en">
+ <head>
+ ...
+ <style>
+ html {
+ background-color: red;
+ font-size: 30px;
+ }
+ </style>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ ...
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Beispielhafte CSS-Eigenschaften</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li>background-color: red</li>
+ <li>font-family: Georgia, serif, Arial</li>
+ <li>text-decoration: line-through underline</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Selektoren</h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Umfangreiche Element-Selektoren zur Anwendung der Styles</li>
+ <li>Kinder, Enkel...</li>
+ <li>Geschwister, direkte Nachfolger</li>
+ <li>Attribute</li>
+ <li>Pseudoklassen</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Selektoren</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ #my-id /* ID */
+ html, body /* Mehrfachselektion */
+ div > p /* p die direkt unterhalb eines div sind */
+ div p /* p die irgendwo unterhalb eines div sind */
+ a:visited /* besuchte Links */
+ div:hover /* divs über die man mit der Maus fährt */
+ span.important /* span mit der Klasse "important" */
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Layout</h3>
+ <p>Es gibt zwei grundlegende Blocktypen:</p>
+ <p><code>block</code></p>
+ <p><code>inline</code></p>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Block</h3>
+ <p>Beansprucht eine ganze Zeile und verursacht Zeilenumbrüche</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ display: block;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Kann Breite und Höhe haben</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ display: block;
+ width: 20px;
+ height: 20px;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Inline</h3>
+ <p>Wie einfacher Text, der mit anderen in der gleichen Zeile stehen kann</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ display: inline;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Festlegen von Breite und Höhe sind wirkungslos</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ display: inline;
+ width: 20px; /* kein Effekt */
+ height: 20px; /* kein Effekt */
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Inline-Block</h3>
+ <p>Mischform von <code>inline</code> und <code>block</code></p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ display: inline-block;
+ width: 20px;
+ height: 20px;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Spezifität</h3>
+ <p>Regeln können andere Regeln überschreiben</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <div style="display: inline-block"></div>
+ </script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ #id:hover { display: none }
+
+ #id { display: block }
+
+ .class.clazz { display: inline }
+
+ div { display: inline-block }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Box Model</h3>
+ <p>Es gibt zwei Varianten des Modells:</p>
+ <p><code>content-box</code> (default)</p>
+ <p>border-box</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ box-sizing: content-box;
+ box-sizing: border-box;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <img data-src="/assets/images/css-box-model.png">
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Beispiel</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ div {
+ border: 3px solid red;
+ padding: 10px;
+ width: 100px;
+ }
+
+ .border-box {
+ box-sizing: border-box;
+ }
+
+ .content-box {
+ box-sizing: content-box;
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <div class="content-box">content-box</div>
+ <div class="border-box">border-box</div>
+ </script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Beispiel</h3>
+ <iframe data-src="/assets/html/box-sizing.html"></iframe>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Positioning</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ /* default, da wo es in der Seite steht */
+ position: static;
+ /* relativ zu seiner eigentlichen Position */
+ position: relative;
+ /* relativ zu seinem nächsten non-static parent o. window */
+ position: absolute;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ position: relative;
+ position: absolute;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <p>erlauben Verschiebung mittels</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ top: 10px;
+ left: 10px;
+ right: 10px;
+ bottom: 10px;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Beispiel Menü</h3>
+ <iframe data-src="/assets/html/css-menu.html"></iframe>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="css" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ .menu-item {
+ display: inline-block;
+
+ position: relative;
+ }
+
+ .menu-item .children {
+ display: none;
+
+ position: absolute;
+ }
+
+ .menu-item:hover .children {
+ display: block;
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <div class="menu">
+ <div class="menu-item">Eins</div>
+ <div class="menu-item">
+ Hover Me!
+ <div class="children">
+ <div>Item 1</div>
+ <div>Item 2</div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="menu-item">Drei</div>
+ </div>
+ </script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <section>
+ <h2>JS</h2>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <ul>
+ <li>JavaScript stammt aus dem Jahr 1995 von Netscape</li>
+ <li>Syntaktisch an Java angelehnt</li>
+ <li>Ursprünglich nur optionale, verzichtbare Effekte (unobstrusive)</li>
+ <li>Mittlerweile von ECMA standardisiert</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <table>
+ <tr><th>Version</th><th>ECMA Standard</th><th>Jahr</th></tr>
+ <tr><td>ES1</td><td>ECMAScript 1</td><td>1997</td></tr>
+ <tr><td>ES2</td><td>ECMAScript 2</td><td>1998</td></tr>
+ <tr><td><strong>ES3</strong></td><td><strong>ECMAScript 3</strong></td><td><strong>1999</strong></td></tr>
+ <tr><td><strong>ES5</strong></td><td><strong>ECMAScript 5</strong></td><td><strong>2009</strong></td></tr>
+ <tr><td>ES6</td><td>ECMAScript 2015</td><td>2015</td></tr>
+ <tr><td></td><td>...</td><td></td></tr>
+ <tr><td></td><td>ECMAScript 2020</td><td>2020</td></tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Code wird zwischen <code>script</code>-Tags geschrieben</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <!DOCTYPE html>
+ <html lang="de">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="UTF-8">
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <script>// code</script>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>DOM-API</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ // findet das erste Element
+ const parent = document.querySelector("#id");
+
+ // findet alle Elemente
+ const elements = document.querySelectorAll("#id");
+
+ // Element erstellen
+ const newElement = document.createElement("div");
+
+ newElement.addEventListener("click", (event) => {
+ // Click-Event
+ });
+
+ // Element anhängen
+ parent.appendChild(newElement);
+
+ newElement.remove();
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <section>
+ <h2>Auslagern in verschiedene Dateien</h2>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <!DOCTYPE html>
+ <html>
+ <head>
+ <!-- CSS -->
+ <link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet">
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <!-- JS -->
+ <script src="index.js"></script>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Parsen eines HTML-Dokuments</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers="1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10">
+ <script type="text/template">
+ <!DOCTYPE html>
+ <html lang="de">
+ <head>
+ <meta charset="UTF-8">
+ <title>Coole Seite 😀</title>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <div>Ganz langer Text</div>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Verschiedene Varianten, JavaScript erst am Ende auszuführen</p>
+ <p>Damals mit jQuery:</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <!DOCTYPE html>
+ <html>
+ <head>
+ <script>
+ $(document).ready((event) => {
+ const element = document.querySelector("#hello");
+ });
+ </script>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <div id="hello">Hello World!</div>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p><code>script</code>-Tag am Ende</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <!DOCTYPE html>
+ <html>
+ <head>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <div>Hello World!</div>
+ ...
+ <script src="index.js"></script>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Event-basiert, z.B. per DOMContentLoaded</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <!DOCTYPE html>
+ <html>
+ <head>
+ <script>
+ document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", (event) => {
+ // wird ausgeführt, sobald das Dokument geparst wurde
+ const element = document.querySelector("#hello");
+ });
+ </script>
+ </head>
+ <body>
+ <div id="hello">Hello World!</div>
+ </body>
+ </html>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Moderne Variante</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <script src="index.js" defer></script>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h2><code>document</code>-Operationen</h2>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ document.open();
+ document.write("<div>Booo!</div>");
+ document.close();
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/write">
+ <img data-src="/assets/images/document.write.jpg">
+ </a>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <body>
+ <script>document.write("<p>Dies ist ein Text.</p>")</script>
+ <button>Dunkle Magie</button>
+ <script>
+ const button = document.querySelector("button");
+
+ button.addEventListener("click", () => {
+ document.write("Und pfutsch!");
+ });
+ </script>
+ </body>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <section>
+ <h2>HTTP-Protokoll</h2>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <img data-src="/assets/images/osi-model.jpg">
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <ul>
+ <li>OSI-Schichten 5, 6 und 7</li>
+ <li>Anfrage-Antwort-Prinzip</li>
+ <li>Basiert auf einfachem Text</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <table>
+ <tr><th>Version</th><th>Jahr</th></tr>
+ <tr><th>0.9</th><th>1991</th></tr>
+ <tr><th>1.0</th><th>1996</th></tr>
+ <tr><th>1.1</th><th>1999</th></tr>
+ <tr><th>2.0</th><th>2015</th></tr>
+ <tr><th>3.0</th><th>2022</th></tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Request an www.google.de</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="http" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ GET / HTTP/1.1
+ Host: www.google.de
+ User-Agent: curl/7.88.1
+ Accept: */*
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Response von www.google.de</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="http" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+ Date: Tue, 04 Apr 2023 15:45:26 GMT
+ Expires: -1
+ Cache-Control: private, max-age=0
+ Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
+ Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only: [...]
+ Server: gws
+ X-XSS-Protection: 0
+ X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
+ Set-Cookie: [...]
+ Accept-Ranges: none
+ Vary: Accept-Encoding
+ Transfer-Encoding: chunked
+
+ <!doctype html><html>...</html>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Einfach mal testen:</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ curl -v --http1.0 http://www.google.de
+ curl -v --http1.1 http://www.google.de
+ curl -v --http2 http://www.google.de
+ curl -v --http2-prior-knowledge http://www.google.de
+ curl -v --http3 http://www.google.de
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Verschiedene "Verben" bzw. "Methoden"</p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>GET</li>
+ <li>POST</li>
+ <li>PUT</li>
+ <li>PATCH</li>
+ <li>DELETE</li>
+ <li>...</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Beispiel:</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ git clone https://git.furnco.de/r/public/web-development/examples.git
+ cd examples/templates/005-http-rest
+ node index.js
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="text" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ curl -X GET -is http://localhost:3000/todo
+ curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name": "Einkaufen"}' -is http://localhost:3000/todo
+ curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name": "Putzen"}' -is http://localhost:3000/todo
+ curl -X PUT -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"name": "Schlafen"}' -is http://localhost:3000/todo/1
+ curl -X DELETE -is http://localhost:3000/todo/0
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="text" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ HTTP/1.1 200 OK
+ X-Powered-By: Express
+ Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
+ Content-Length: 13
+ ETag: W/"d-KMmUcQ1kigqtwzZnU+jVDkYP3Co"
+ Date: Wed, 05 Apr 2023 12:05:05 GMT
+ Connection: keep-alive
+ Keep-Alive: timeout=5
+
+ ["Einkaufen"]
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers="">
+ app.get("/todo", (req, res) => {
+ return res.json(todos);
+ });
+
+ // [...]
+
+ app.post("/todo", (req, res) => {
+ // [...]
+ return res.json(todos);
+ // [...]
+ });
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p><code>GET</code> und <code>POST</code> auf klassischen Webseiten</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="html" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ <form method="post" action="/todo">
+ <input name="todo"><button>add</button>
+ </form>
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <p>Beispiel:</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ cd examples/templates/006-http-web
+ node index.js
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>JSON</h3>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <ul>
+ <li><em class="h">J</em>ava<em class="h">S</em>cript <em class="h">O</em>bject <em class="h">N</em>otation</li>
+ <li>Basiert auf reinem Text</li>
+ <li>Format zur strukturierten Speicherung von Daten</li>
+ <li>Attribute müssen immer in doppelte Anführungsstriche (<code>"</code>) gesetzt werden</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Definition eines einfachen Objekts in JS</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ const o = {
+ x: 1,
+ y: 2
+ };
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Entsprechung in JSON</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ {
+ "x": 1,
+ "y": 2
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Mögliche Typen</p>
+ <p>
+ <ul>
+ <li>Number (bzw. Integer / Float)</li>
+ <li>Boolean</li>
+ <li>String</li>
+ <li>Array</li>
+ <li>Object</li>
+ </ul>
+ </p>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <p>Der äußere Container kann ein Array oder ein Object sein</p>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ {
+ "key": "value",
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ [
+ "foo",
+ "bar"
+ ]
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <section>
+ <h2>JavaScript</h2>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <style>
+ table.my-table td:not(:first-child) {
+ text-align: center;
+ }
+
+ table.my-table td:not(:last-child), table.my-table th:not(:last-child) {
+ border-right: 1px solid white;
+ }
+
+ table.my-table td {
+ vertical-align: middle;
+ }
+ </style>
+ <table class="my-table">
+ <tr>
+ <th></th>
+ <th>c / c++</th>
+ <th>Java</th>
+ <th>C#</th>
+ <th>JS</th>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Formale Spezifikation</td>
+ <td colspan="4" class="fragment">ja</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Ãœbersetzung</td>
+ <td class="fragment">Nativ kompiliert</td>
+ <td class="fragment" colspan="2">Bytecode</td>
+ <td class="fragment">Interpretiert / kompiliert (JIT)</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Typisierung</td>
+ <td colspan="3" class="fragment">statisch</td>
+ <td class="fragment">dynamisch</td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>Speicher-Management</td>
+ <td class="fragment">Manuell</td>
+ <td class="fragment" colspan="3">Garbage Collector</td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Begrifflichkeiten</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ function add(x, y) {
+ return x + y;
+ }
+
+ const a = 5;
+ const b = add(a, 6);
+ const c = [];
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <div><span class="fragment">Operator, </span><span class="fragment">Aufruf (Call), </span><span class="fragment">Ausdruck (Expression), </span><span class="fragment">Parameter, </span><span class="fragment">Argument, </span><span class="fragment">Literal, </span></div><div><span class="fragment">Zuweisung (Assignment), </span><span class="fragment">Linke Hand (Left hand), Rechte Hand (Right hand)</span></div>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Vorbereiten der Beispiele (bei Bedarf)</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ # im Ordner 'examples/'
+ . hooks/post-checkout
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Ausführung</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ # node [Script-Datei], z.B.
+ node index.js
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Ausgaben</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ console.log("Hello World!");
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+
+ <section>
+ <h3>Variablen</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ // < es6
+ var x = 1;
+
+ // >= es6
+ let y = 2;
+ const z = 3;
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ var yes = false;
+
+ if (yes) {
+ var a = 1;
+ }
+
+ console.log(a);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre class="fragment">
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ undefined
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ var yes = false;
+
+ if (yes) {
+ let a = 1;
+ }
+
+ console.log(a);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre class="fragment">
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ ReferenceError: a is not defined
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ function foo() {
+ var yes = false;
+
+ if (yes) {
+ var a = 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ foo();
+
+ console.log(a);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre class="fragment">
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ ReferenceError: a is not defined
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3><code>var</code></h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li>hat <code>function</code>-Scope</li>
+ <li>wird durch <span class="italic">hoisting</span> ("hochziehen") aus dem Block heraus an den Start der Funktion gezogen</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ var yes = false;
+ var a;
+
+ if (yes) {
+ a = 1;
+ }
+
+ console.log(a);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3><code>let</code>, <code>const</code></h3>
+ <ul>
+ <li>haben intuitiven Block-Scope (wie viele andere Programmiersprachen auch)</li>
+ <li>daher nur an Ort und Stelle gültig in der angegebenen Reihenfolge</li>
+ </ul>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Datentypen</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ let x = 5; // Number (Integer)
+ let f = 1.25; // Number (Float)
+ let b = true; // Boolean
+ let s = "hallo"; // String
+ let a = []; // Array
+ let o = {}; // Objekt
+ let nan = NaN; // Not a Number
+ let n = null; // Null
+ let u = undefined; // Undefiniert
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Alternation</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ if (x == 1) {
+ // Code
+ }
+ else if (x == 2) {
+ // alternativer Code
+ }
+ else {
+ // Fallback
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Schleifen</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+ // Code
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ const a = [1, 2, 3];
+
+ for (const element of a) {
+ // Code
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ while (i == 1) {
+ // Code
+ }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ do {
+ // Code
+ } while (i == 1)
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Arrays</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ let a = [1, 2, 3];
+
+ a.push(4);
+ a.push(5);
+
+ a.pop();
+
+ console.log(a);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ [1, 2, 3, 4]
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Objekte</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ let o = {x: 1, y: 2};
+
+ console.log(o.z);
+
+ console.log(o);
+
+ o.z = 3;
+
+ console.log(o);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ undefined
+ { x: 1, y: 2 }
+ { x: 1, y: 2, z: 3 }
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <div>Objekte funktionieren intern wie Hash-Maps</div>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ let o = {};
+
+ o.a = 1;
+ o["a"] = 1; // alternativ
+
+ o["$ !"] = 2; // so sind auch komplexe Schlüssel möglich
+
+ // o."$ !" = 2; => Syntaxfehler
+ // o.$ ! = 2; => Syntaxfehler
+
+ o[true] = 3;
+
+ console.log(Object.keys(o));
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ [ 'a', '$ !', 'true' ]
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Funktionen</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ function foo() {
+ console.log("foo");
+ }
+
+ function bar(a) {
+ return a;
+ }
+
+ foo();
+
+ const a = bar(1);
+
+ console.log(a);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ foo
+ 1
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ let sum = function(a, b) {
+ return a + b;
+ }
+
+ let subtract = function() {
+ console.log(arguments);
+
+ return arguments[0] - arguments[1];
+ }
+
+ console.log(sum(1, 2));
+ console.log(subtract(1, 2));
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ 3
+ [Arguments] { '0': 1, '1': 2 }
+ -1
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Funktionen als Konstruktor</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ function Rectangle(a, b) {
+ this.a = a;
+ this.b = b;
+ }
+
+ const r = new Rectangle(2, 3);
+
+ console.log(r.a);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ 2
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Objektorientierung</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ function Rectangle(a, b) {
+ this.a = a;
+ this.b = b;
+ }
+
+ // jede Funktion besitzt einen Prototypen
+ Rectangle.prototype.getArea = function() {
+ return this.a * this.b;
+ }
+
+ const r1 = new Rectangle(2, 3);
+ const r2 = new Rectangle(4, 5);
+
+ console.log(r1.getArea());
+ console.log(r2.getArea());
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ 6
+ 20
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <div>Dynamische Änderung des Prototypen</div>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ function Rectangle(a, b) {
+ this.a = a;
+ this.b = b;
+ }
+
+ const r = new Rectangle(2, 3);
+
+ console.log(r.getArea);
+
+ Rectangle.prototype.getArea = function() {
+ return this.a * this.b;
+ }
+
+ console.log(r.getArea);
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ undefined
+ [Function (anonymous)]
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
+ Bringe dem Array eine Methode bei, welche die Summe aller enthaltenen Zahlen zurückgibt
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ const a = [1, 2, 3];
+
+ console.log(a.sum());
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ 6
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <h3>Vererbung</h3>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ function Shape() {
+ }
+
+ Shape.prototype.getType = function() {
+ return "Shape";
+ }
+
+ function Rectangle(a, b) {
+ this.a = a;
+ this.b = b;
+ }
+
+ Rectangle.prototype = Object.create(Shape.prototype);
+ Rectangle.prototype.constructor = Rectangle;
+
+ const r = new Rectangle(2, 3);
+
+ console.log(r.getType());
+
+ Rectangle.prototype.getType = function() {
+ return "Rectangle";
+ }
+
+ console.log(r.getType());
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ <pre>
+ <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
+ Shape
+ Rectangle
+ </code>
+ </pre>
+ </section>
+ <section>
+ <img data-src="/assets/images/inheritance-es5.svg">
</section>
</section>
</div>
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