Sascha Schulz
2023-05-25 b4b72320b621eae9268110a5fde76aa01cef6f37
index.html
@@ -959,9 +959,19 @@
                  <div><span class="fragment">Operator, </span><span class="fragment">Aufruf (Call), </span><span class="fragment">Ausdruck (Expression), </span><span class="fragment">Parameter, </span><span class="fragment">Argument, </span><span class="fragment">Literal, </span></div><div><span class="fragment">Zuweisung (Assignment), </span><span class="fragment">Linke Hand (Left hand), Rechte Hand (Right hand)</span></div>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Vorbereiten der Beispiele (bei Bedarf)</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        # im Ordner 'examples/'
                        . hooks/post-checkout
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Ausführung</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        # node [Script-Datei], z.B.
                        node index.js
                     </code>
                  </pre>
@@ -974,14 +984,7 @@
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Vorbereiten der Beispiele (bei Bedarf)</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        . hooks/post-checkout
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Variablen</h3>
                  <pre>
@@ -1098,6 +1101,55 @@
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Alternation</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        if (x == 1) {
                           // Code
                        }
                        else if (x == 2) {
                           // alternativer Code
                        }
                        else {
                           // Fallback
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Schleifen</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                           // Code
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const a = [1, 2, 3];
                        for (const element of a) {
                           // Code
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        while (i == 1) {
                           // Code
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        do {
                           // Code
                        } while (i == 1)
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Arrays</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
@@ -1147,15 +1199,21 @@
                        let o = {};
                        
                        o.a = 1;
                        o["a"] = 1; // alternativ
                        
                        o["$ !"] = 2;
                        o["$ !"] = 2; // so sind auch komplexe Schlüssel möglich
                        // o."$ !" = 2; => Syntaxfehler
                        // o.$ ! = 2; => Syntaxfehler
                        o[true] = 3;
                        
                        console.log(Object.keys(o));
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        ['a', '$ !']
                        [ 'a', '$ !', 'true' ]
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
@@ -1202,6 +1260,13 @@
                        console.log(subtract(1, 2));
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        3
                        [Arguments] { '0': 1, '1': 2 }
                        -1
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Funktionen als Konstruktor</h3>
@@ -1232,6 +1297,7 @@
                           this.b = b;
                        }
                        
                        // jede Funktion besitzt einen Prototypen
                        Rectangle.prototype.getArea = function() {
                           return this.a * this.b;
                        }
@@ -1243,6 +1309,15 @@
                        console.log(r2.getArea());
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        6
                        20
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <img data-src="/assets/images/constructor-and-its-prototype.svg">
               </section>
               <section>
                  <div>Dynamische Änderung des Prototypen</div>
@@ -1264,27 +1339,461 @@
                        console.log(r.getArea);
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        undefined
                        [Function (anonymous)]
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Aufgabe</h3>
                  Bringe dem Array eine Methode bei, welche die Summe aller enthaltenen Zahlen zurückgibt
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const a = [1, 2, 3];
                        console.log(a.sum());
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        6
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Lösung</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Array.prototype.sum = function() {
                           let sum = 0;
                           for (let number of this) {
                              sum += number;
                           }
                           return sum;
                        }
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Vererbung</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers="1-13|15-18|20-29">
                        // Oberklasse
                        function Shape() {
                        }
                        Shape.prototype.getType = function() {
                           return "Shape";
                        }
                        // Unterklasse
                        function Rectangle(a, b) {
                           this.a = a;
                           this.b = b;
                           this.getCircumference = function() {
                              return 2 * a + 2 * b;
                           };
                        }
                        
                        Rectangle.prototype.getArea = function() {
                           return this.a * this.b;
                        // Prototype der Oberklasse in die Unterklasse kopieren
                        Rectangle.prototype = Object.create(Shape.prototype);
                        // Konstruktor der Oberklasse am Prototypen durch den eigenen ersetzen
                        Rectangle.prototype.constructor = Rectangle;
                        const r = new Rectangle(2, 3);
                        console.log(r.getType());
                        // .getType() selber implementieren
                        Rectangle.prototype.getType = function() {
                           return "Rectangle";
                        }
                        console.log(r.getType());
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Shape
                        Rectangle
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <img data-src="/assets/images/inheritance-es5.svg">
               </section>
               <section>
                  <div>
                     <img width="800" height="500" data-src="/assets/images/mdn-prototype.jpg">
                  </div>
                  <p>
                     <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push" style="font-size: 16px">https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push</a>
                  </p>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Objektorientierung in es6</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        class Rectangle {
                           constructor(a, b) {
                              this.a = a;
                              this.b = b;
                           }
                           getArea() {
                              return this.a * this.b;
                           }
                        }
                        
                        const r = new Rectangle(2, 3);
                        
                        console.log(Object.keys(r));
                        console.log(r.getArea());
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        6
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Vererbung in es6</h3>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers="1-6|8-16|18-27">
                        // Oberklasse
                        class Shape {
                           getType() {
                              return "Shape";
                           }
                        }
                        // Unterklasse erbt von Oberklasse
                        class Rectangle extends Shape {
                           constructor(a, b) {
                              super();
                              this.a = a;
                              this.b = b;
                           }
                        }
                        const r = new Rectangle(2, 3);
                        console.log(r.getType());
                        // Implementierung per Prototype weiterhin möglich, falls man so will
                        Rectangle.prototype.getType = function() {
                           return "Rectangle";
                        }
                        console.log(r.getType());
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Shape
                        Rectangle
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Asynchronität</h3>
                  <p>Asynchron: Es wird nicht auf die Beendigung des Befehls gewartet, sondern mit dem Programm fortgefahren. Die Vollendung des asynchronen Befehls tritt <i style="font-style: italic">irgendwann</i> in der Zukunft ein.</p>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        setTimeout(callback, time); // Ausführung nach [time] Millisekunden
                        setInterval(callback, interval); // Ausführung alle [interval] Millisekunden
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        setTimeout(function() {
                           // Code, der nach 2 Sekunden ausgeführt wird
                           console.log("zweiter");
                        }, 2000);
                        console.log("erster");
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        erster
                        zweiter
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <p>Aufgabe: Schreibe ein Programm, das zwei weitere beliebige Texte mit jeweils 2 Sekunden Verzögerung von einander ausgibt, d.h.</p>
                  <p>"erster" -> 2s -> "zweiter" -> 2s -> "Text A" -> 2s -> "Text B"</p>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        setTimeout(function() {
                           console.log("zweiter");
                           // weiterer Code
                        }, 2000);
                        console.log("erster");
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Lösung: Callback-Hell oder Pyramide des Todes
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        setTimeout(function() {
                           console.log("zweiter");
                           setTimeout(function() {
                              console.log("Text A");
                              setTimeout(function() {
                                 console.log("Text B");
                              }, 2000);
                           }, 2000);
                        }, 2000);
                        console.log("erster");
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Hilfsmittel: Promises
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                           // ich bin fertig
                           resolve();
                           // es ist ein Fehler aufgetreten
                           reject();
                        });
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const p = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {...});
                        const p2 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {...});
                        const p3 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {...});
                        const p4 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {...});
                        p
                           .then(function() { return p2; })
                           .then(function() { return p3; })
                           .then(function() { return p4; });
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        console.log("erster");
                        delay(2000)
                           .then(function () {
                              console.log("zweiter");
                              return delay(2000);
                           })
                           .then(function() {
                              console.log("Text A");
                              return delay(2000);
                           })
                           .then(function() {
                              console.log("Text B");
                           })
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Aufgabe: Implementiere die Funktion "delay"
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const delay = function() {
                           // implementieren
                        }
                        console.log("erster");
                        delay(2000)
                           .then(function () {
                              console.log("zweiter");
                              return delay(2000);
                           })
                           .then(function() {
                              console.log("Text A");
                              return delay(2000);
                           })
                           .then(function() {
                              console.log("Text B");
                           })
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Lösung:
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const delay = function(ms) {
                           return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
                              setTimeout(function() {
                                 resolve();
                              }, ms);
                           });
                        }
                        console.log("erster");
                        delay(2000)
                           .then(function () {
                              console.log("zweiter");
                              return delay(2000);
                           })
                           .then(function() {
                              console.log("Text A");
                              return delay(2000);
                           })
                           .then(function() {
                              console.log("Text B");
                           })
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Rückgabewerte mit Promises
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const p = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
                           resolve("ok");
                        });
                        p.then(function(value) {
                           console.log(value);
                        });
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        ok
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Fehlerbehandlung mit Promises
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const p = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
                           reject(new Error("Fehler"));
                        });
                        p
                           .then(function() {
                              console.log("Ich werde nicht aufgerufen")
                           })
                           .catch(function(e) {
                              console.log(e.message);
                           });
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Fehler
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Datei lesen mit NodeJS
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const fs = require("fs");
                        fs.readFile("./hello.txt", {encoding: "utf8"}, function(data) {
                           console.log(data);
                        });
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Hello World!
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Aufgabe: "Promisifiziere" analog zu "delay" in der letzten Aufgabe den Aufruf von fs.readFile()
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        const fs = require("fs");
                        function readFile() {
                           // implementieren
                        }
                        readFile.then(function(content) {
                           console.log(content);
                        });
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Hello World!
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Aufgabe: Nutze die vorherige Lösung nun für eine Promise-Kette, sodass die Inhalte der zwei Dateien "hello.txt" und "hallo.txt" nacheinander ausgegeben werden:
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Hello World!
                        Hallo Welt!
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  <h3>Async - Await</h3>
                  <ul>
                     <li>Syntaktischer Zucker für Promises</li>
                     <li>Nutzung von <code>await</code> nur im Kontext einer <code>async</code>-Funktion möglich</li>
                  </ul>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="js" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        async function wrapper() {
                           const p = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
                              resolve("Hello from Promise!");
                           });
                           const result = await p;
                           console.log(result);
                        }
                        wrapper();
                     </code>
                  </pre>
                  <pre>
                     <code class="bash" data-trim data-line-numbers>
                        Hello from Promise!
                     </code>
                  </pre>
               </section>
               <section>
                  Aufgabe: Schreibe die Lösung der vorherigen Aufgabe nach Async - Await um
               </section>
            </section>
         </div>